“One thing that’s really defined the treatment of bladder cancer patients in the last 5 years or so has been the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The use of these agents initially started out as a later-line of therapy and these agents are being tested across different disease states,” noted Thomas Flaig, vice chancellor of research for the University of Colorado Denver, member, University of Colorado Cancer Center, and the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Chair of the NCCN Guidelines Panel for Bladder Cancer, in an interview with Targeted Oncology.