P.C.O.S. Has a New Name. Doctors Hope It Will Improve Care for Millions.

Melanie Cree, a professor of pediatric endocrinology at the University of Colorado Anschutz and a co-author of the Lancet paper, said that when she applied for grants through the National Institutes of Health to study the condition, the applications were typically directed to the institute within the N.I.H. that covers reproductive health, which has a relatively small budget. Cree said she hoped that, with the name change, P.M.O.S. research would become eligible for funding through the N.I.H. institutes that cover, for example, diabetes and heart disease.